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The purpose of this paper is to identify efficient governance using a governance efficiency score based on recommendations provided by codes of best practices in order to determine “good governance”.

Based on a sample of 320 US listed firms from 1994‐2001, governance practices were synthesized by an index computed according to a parametric method, the stochastic frontier analysis, which allows taking into account the relation between inputs (governance axes) and outputs (performance).

The use of a latent classis in the specification of the model allowed detecting two groups of firms according to their specific characteristics. The results of affectation equation show that the probability of being in the highest performing group is more important when the firm size, the dividend yield and the return on equity (ROE) are high, while a high leverage level decreases the chance to be in the non‐performing group. Moreover, the model allows establishing a dualist description of the two groups which point out two opposite governance systems. The non‐performing system is characterized by a managerial discretion, an ownership concentration, a dominance of the board by the CEO and a manager entrenchment. However, the highest performing system is characterized by an inside control efficiency and an inside financial control efficiency.

The sample choice presents a selectivity bias. Firms of the sample present some particularities in relation to other US firms, which limits the study generalisation. This study can also be the object of replications in other contexts.

This work is a demarcation in relation to previous works studying corporate governance quality, and particularly the relation between governance and performance. It provides a new econometric approach to develop a synthetic index to evaluate corporate governance firms' practices, wedged on performance level achieved by different firms.

This study aims to investigate the impact of pollution control bonds (PCBs) on overinvestment within utility firms.

This empirical study analyzes a data set comprising 215 US energy firms observed from 2011 to 2021, using the ordinary least square regression with standard errors adjusted for firm-level clustering.

The study reveals a negative relationship between PCBs and overinvestment, indicating that PCBs are an effective tool in curbing excessive investment. Additionally, it demonstrates that chief executive officer (CEO) overconfidence diminishes the influence of PCBs on overinvestment. These findings remain robust across various metrics for measuring overinvestment and CEO overconfidence, as well as when alternative estimation methods are used. These results align with insights derived from agency theory and upper echelon theories.

Regulators are encouraged to actively promote the use of PCBs as a financing tool for environmentally focused initiatives. To achieve this, regulatory bodies should enhance their presence within the utility sector, particularly in regions grappling with higher pollution levels. This requires the implementation of strategic policies and regulatory frameworks aimed at mitigating excessive investments. Simultaneously, policymakers should take proactive measures to introduce financial instruments designed to optimize investment efficiency, thus facilitating eco-friendly projects.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper holds the distinction of being the first to examine the impact of a specific type of green bond, namely, PCBs, on overinvestment. Furthermore, it contributes to the literature on personality traits, particularly within the context of the upper echelon theory, by investigating the moderating influence of CEO overconfidence.

The present paper aims to measure talent management using corporate governance as a proxy measure and examine its impact on business performance in a public‐sector bank, i.e. State Bank of India.

Quarterly reports of State Bank of India from the financial periods 2006‐2007 to 2009‐2010 are used to collect data with respect to boardroom characteristics and ownership structure, and audit and nomination committees. The data used to assess boardroom characteristics and the audit committee include the number of meetings held, frequency, and meetings attended by board members. Business performance is assessed using ROA, ROE and Tobin's Q.

On the basis of the results, the study found that boardroom characteristics have an insignificant impact on business performance, while audit committee and ownership structure have a significant impact on business performance (i.e. ROA, ROE and Tobin's Q).

The study considers corporate governance as a proxy measure of talent management, and only three corporate governance committees are used to examine their impact on business performance. Secondly, the results are based on quarterly reports from four years' financial statements.

The paper contributes to the existing literature in exploring relationships between corporate governance, talent management governance and business performance in an Indian setting.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the moderating effect of ownership on the links between corporate governance and financial performance in the context of Ghanaian banks.

The current study used a sample of 23 banks and the multiple regression method to analyze a panel dataset of 414 from banks over an 18-year period.

The findings revealed that audit independence, chief executive officer (CEO) duality, non-executive directors and banks size have a positive impact on performance. The findings also revealed that foreign ownership has an interacting effect between corporate governance and profitability.

The practical implications of the current study demonstrated that good corporate governance creates value and must be invigorated for the interest of all stakeholders. Foreign ownership has an interacting effect between corporate governance and performance. Policymakers should formulate policies for attracting foreign investors.

Interestingly, this study is the first of its kind that exclusively chose ownership structure to interact between corporate governance and bank performance in Ghanaian perspective. Such new insights on this relationship provide useful information to the government, academics, policymakers and other stakeholders. The growing economies of African countries, and the inadequate governance–performance literature in African context, have created a demand to appreciate the governance parameters in these countries and its influence on firm's performance.

This study aims to investigate the determinants of sustainability reporting in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Twenty unstructured interviews were conducted to understand thoroughly the determinants and motivations of sustainability reporting among Saudi petrochemical shareholding companies.

This study finds that cultural aspects, compliance with international best practice, competitiveness, reputation and legitimacy are common motivations for sustainability reporting in KSA.

This study has significant implications for industry, especially petrochemical and other highly polluting industries, and for policymakers. There are economic benefits to industry in adopting sustainability reporting, including transparency; and it is suggested that policymakers encourage industries to give more attention to sustainability reporting.

This study provides an original contribution to the extant literature on sustainability reporting, and incrementally adds to knowledge on sustainability reporting in KSA, Gulf cooperation council and Middle East North Africa region countries.

The paper models the financial interconnectedness and systemic risk of shadow banks using Granger-causal network-based measures and takes the Indian shadow bank crisis of 2018–2019 as a systemic event.

The paper employs pairwise linear Granger-causality tests adjusted for heteroskedasticity and return autocorrelation on a rolling window of weekly returns data of 52 financial institutions from 2016 to 2019 to construct network-based measures and calculate network centrality. The Granger-causal network-based measure ranking of financial institutions in the pre-crisis period (explanatory variable) is rank-regressed with the ranking of financial institutions based on maximum percentage loss suffered by them during the crises period (dependent variable).

The empirical result demonstrated that the shadow bank complex network during the crisis is denser, more interconnected and more correlated than the tranquil period. The closeness, eigenvector, and PageRank centrality established the systemic risk transmitter and receiver roles of institutions. The financial institutions that are more central and hold prestigious positions due to their incoming links suffered maximum loss. The shadow bank network also showed small-world phenomena similar to social networks. Granger-causal network-based measures have out-of-sample predictive properties and can predict the systemic risk of financial institutions.

The study considers only the publicly listed financial institutions. Also, the proposed measures are susceptible to the size of the rolling window, frequency of return and significance level of Granger-causality tests.

Supervisors and financial regulators can use the proposed measures to monitor the development of systemic risk and swiftly identify and isolate contagious financial institutions in the event of a crisis. Also, it is helpful to policymakers and researchers of an emerging economy where bilateral exposures' data between financial institutions are often not present in the public domain, plus there is a gap or delay in financial reporting.

The paper is one of the first to study systemic risk of shadow banks using a financial network comprising of commercial banks and mutual funds. It is also the first one to study systemic risk of Indian shadow banks.

The performance and effectiveness of governance principles continue to be a matter of concern (Mollah and Zaman, 2015). Focusing on differences between conventional and Islamic banks, this study aims to examine the relationship between governance and bank’s operational (return on assets [ROA]), financial (return on equity [ROE]) and market performance (Tobin’s q [TQ]).

This study examined 127 banks within the Mena countries for the 10 years 2007 through 2016, for a total of 1270 observations. The study’s independent variable is corporate governance principles; the dependent variables are ROA, ROE and TQ. Also, the study uses bank- and country-specific control variables to help measure the relationship between governance and bank performance.

The findings deduced from the empirical results demonstrate that Sharia’ah governance significantly influenced ROA and ROE. However, corporate governance significantly influenced TQ. Furthermore, the results indicated that there were differences between Sharia’ah governance and corporate governance with regard to operational, financial and market performance.

The study provides insights into the differences in the relationship between Sharia’ah governance, corporate governance and the improvement of performance, which might be used by both banks to re-adopt the governance practices in enhancing the operational, financial and market performance.

This study aims to adopt a mixed-methods approach (accounting and business data) to analyse the effects of the financial institution’s governance on both the knowledge of social responsibility and the consumer’s attitudes and behaviours, and testing the moderating role of the brand identification in the banking sector during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, this concept has been neglected in previous studies.

Data were collected from a sample of 600 respondents in two major Tunisian cities. Participants were selected on the basis of a convenience sampling in which the structural equation modelling method was adopted through SMART PLS 3.0 software.

The results showed that good corporate governance has a positive influence on the knowledge of the company's social responsibility, which positively influences its brand image. Therefore, the company's brand image positively influences the customer’s satisfaction, which positively influences the recommending behaviour of the financial institutions in the COVID-19 era. However, the brand identification has no moderating effect.

Managers of financial institutions are advised to pay particular attention to good corporate governance, as it is mandatory for these companies to assume social responsibility and make it known to clients. Therefore, it is obvious to create a good image in the mind of the consumers to satisfy them to recommend the company in question. It is interesting to mobilise the period of health crisis (COVID-19) to create a favourable attitude among the customers because they are sensitive when evaluating and ranking financial institutions according to the relationships that exist especially during this period.

In fact, there are many studies that dealt with the banking sector. Some of them dealt with the sector through the institutional accounting section while others dealt with the sector through the commercial and marketing section. Therefore, the first contribution of this research is to test a mixed model made up of accounting and commercial data. This model is among the first to determine the effects of the financial institution's governance on the knowledge of social responsibility and on the consumer’s attitude and behaviour to test the moderating role of brand identification in the banking sector. The second contribution is to test this model in a period of health crisis (COVID-19). The third contribution is the use of a mixed sample of data collected from two regions. Then, the fourth contribution is the addition of tests for the verification, robustness and validation of the results obtained. Finally, the fifth contribution is the addition of control variables to test their effects on the research model.